waterguide

Mold

I found mold — how much is too much to handle myself?

The short answer: a small surface patch of mold on a hard, non-porous surface can often be cleaned yourself with proper protection. The EPA's rule of thumb: if the mold covers more than about 10 square feet — roughly a 3-by-3-foot patch — call a professional. Always call a pro for mold inside walls, in the HVAC system, from sewage or flooding, or when vulnerable people live in the home. And fix the moisture source first: cleaning mold without fixing the water guarantees it comes back.

What's usually DIY-safe

  • A small patch of surface mold on tile, glass, metal, or other hard non-porous surfaces.
  • The moisture source is identified and fixed (a one-time splash, a window left open in the rain).
  • You can protect yourself: gloves, goggles, and an N95 respirator — mold cleanup without breathing protection is a bad trade.

Clean it with a proper mold-cleaning product for the surface — not just bleach on porous materials, where it can't reach the roots. Scrub, dry the area completely, and watch it for a few weeks to confirm it doesn't return.

What's a professional's job

  • More than about 10 square feet (EPA's guideline — roughly 3×3 feet).
  • Hidden mold — inside walls, under flooring, behind cabinetry. What you see is the tip.
  • HVAC systems — mold in ductwork or air handlers spreads through the whole house. Not a DIY zone.
  • Sewage or flood damage — contaminated water changes the category entirely. Water categories →
  • Vulnerable occupants — if anyone in the home has breathing difficulties, allergies, or immune concerns, bring in a pro and talk to a medical professional. This site doesn't give health advice.
Never sand, grind, or dry-scrape mold Aggressive dry removal launches mold particles into the air and through the house. This is exactly what professional containment exists to prevent. If the job needs more than gentle surface cleaning, it's not a DIY job.
Fix the water or the mold returns Every mold problem is a moisture problem wearing a disguise. If you clean the mold but the leak, the condensation, or the humidity that fed it is still there, you'll be cleaning it again in a month. How to stop it coming back →
Informational only — not professional, medical, or insurance advice.

Mold situations vary widely. This is general guidance, not a substitute for a qualified professional's assessment. This site does not give health advice — talk to a medical professional about any health concerns.